Hmmm I think I see what's happening here. Basically, all devices I tested (laptops/phones/tablets) seem to have small pixel size, and to save on compute power for weaker devices I decided to render with half as many pixels as the screen has, letting the browser upscale the result. In your case, pixels are probably quite a bit larger, and half-res rendering has these prominent artifacts.
Can you try if increasing "render scale" in params->display helps?
Would MSAA compute more samples, effectively multiplying shader computation? Ideally, it should be something adaptive, to the number of pixels/device compute power, eg compute 2x smaller resolution on phones/retina, compute 1x resolution on larger-pixel screens, and maybe even 1x + MSAA beyond some pixel sizes... Just wanted to avoid reinventing these heuristics.