Just like language shapes the way we think and talk about things, programming languages shape both what libraries are written and how. You could write anything in anything so long as it's Turing complete, but in real life we see clearly that certain design decisions at the language level either advantage or disadvantage certain types of solutions. Everyone could in theory write C without any memory issues, but we all know how that turns out in practice. The language matters.
The strong hypothesis has been debunked, yes, but nobody is asserting it.
From your link:
> Nevertheless, research has produced positive empirical evidence supporting a weaker version of linguistic relativity:[5][4] that a language's structures influence a speaker's perceptions, without strictly limiting or obstructing them.
