In 1997 Cem Kaner wrote a paper titled "Improving the Maintainability of Automated Test Suites"[1]. One of the key pain points Kaner identified was the fragility of capture/replay tests. There's a reason why the test automation tools popular in the 90s fell out of favor: any time the system under test changes, the capture/replay tests will be out of sync. In addition, capture/replay tests aren't very good at finding defects.

1 https://kaner.com/pdfs/autosqa.pdf