Consider yourself. Consider a galaxy N million lightyears away that is moving away from you at high speed...
Or is it really? What if it's staying perfectly still, and YOU'RE the one moving?
... How could you even tell?
The principle of Relativity is that you cannot tell any difference, for the laws of physics are the same whether you are moving or the galaxy is moving. The theory of Special Relativity describes which mathematical transformations you need to go from one description to the other (in the absence of gravity, which is a General Relativity concern). Philosophically, the way of unifying these involves mixing up Space and Time, in which various observers cannot agree on a single version of things like speeds and time and energy levels, into a unified Spacetime, which they all can agree on.
"Changing your reference frame" simply means picking something different that you consider to be at rest.
... at which point you also get to enjoy your arrival at linguistic metaphysics. If you can identify all material objects that all observers can feasibly see, then you subtract the material objects that one person sees, from the material objects the other person sees in their reference frame, and you end up with... something... that is both a material object, and not a material object at the exact same point in time. So, does that material object actually exist? If so, in what way does that material object exists for the person who cannot feasibly perceive a feasibly perceivable object in any capacity? Kind of like theseus's ship launched into the space-time continuum?
> If you can identify all material objects that all observers can feasibly see, then you subtract the material objects that one person sees, from the material objects the other person sees in their reference frame...
Generally speaking an event is "observable" if some signal (usually light) could reach you from that event. It is generally uninteresting that different observers can see different sets of events at different points in their world-line. If you are lightyears apart, the signals will take time to reach you. This is what "spacelike separation" is all about.
But if you just sit around in one spot, signals can reach you from billions of light-years away. A certain event in your history might have been separated by space, but a point in your future may be separated from it in a timelike manner. You can't get away from events by simply going fast, either: the velocity addition makes signals impossible to outrun. What you need is to employ acceleration.
Consider a modified Zeno's paradox: you are 1 light year away from a signal, and begin accelerating. By the time it has covered 0.5ly, you are now 0.75 ly away. Unlike the original paradox, the math on this one works out: it is the acceleration equivalent of a black hole. (Most gravity and acceleration effects are interchangeable like that).
We could draw this out with a Minkowski diagrams, and find some line beyond which events become truly unobservable. We could call this line the "event horizon" (which, after all, is what the term is about in other contexts, too.)
As a causal science enthusiast I am lost, how does one change our relativistic reference frame?